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An intermodal container or freight container (commonly shipping container) is a reusable transport and storage unit for moving products and raw materials between locations or countries; the terms container or box may be used on their own within the context of shipping. Containers manufactured to ISO specifications may be referred to as ISO containers and the term high-cube container is used for units that are taller than normal. There are approximately seventeen million intermodal containers in the world and a large proportion of the world's long distance freight generated by international trade is transported inside shipping containers.
The containerization system developed from a design of an 8 ft m 3 adj=on cube (2.44 m×2.44 m×2.44 m) units used by the United States' military and later standardised by extension to 10 ft m 2 adj=on, 20 ft m 2 adj=on, and 40 ft m 2 adj=on lengths. Longer, higher and wider variants are now in general use around in various places.
Container variants are available for many different cargo types. Non-container methods of transport include bulk cargo, break bulk cargo and tankers/oil tankers used for liquids. For air freight the alternative and lighter IATA defined Unit Load Device is used.
Description
A typical container has doors fitted at one end and is constructed of corrugated weathering steel and were originally 8 ft mm 0 wide by 8 ft mm 0 high and either a nominal 20 ft mm 0 or a nominal 40 ft mm 0 long and can be stacked up to seven units high.
Taller units have been introduced including 'Hi-cube' or 'high-cube' units at 9 ft 6 in mm 0 and 10 ft 6 in mm 0 highdate=May 2009.
The United States often uses longer units at 48 ft m 2 abbr=on and 53 ft m 2 abbr=on. Some, rare, European containers are often about 2 inches wider at 2.5 m ftin 1 abbr=on to accommodate Euro-pallets. Australian RACE (container) are also slightly wider to accommodate Australia Standard Pallets.
Lighter Swap body units use the same mounting fixings as Intermodal containers but have folding legs under their frame so that they can be moved between trucks without using a crane.
Each container is allocated standarized ISO 6346 reporting mark (ownership code) four characters long ending in the letter U, followed by 6 numbers and a check digit.
Read more about intermodal containers on www.shipping-container-housing.com
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